Management

What is management? Where does the word management? Although the English term management has been adopted by the French Academy with an Anglicized pronunciation, we note that the full loan to English does not add anything more to what brings the term management.

  The manager epithets and management are derived from French words and gently household which mean' carefully adjusted' (Oxford).

  Knowing lead the household, as a "good father", the manager (or manager) is the one who knows how to use the means at its disposal to lead the best "home". Thus, each of us, regardless of its role and profession is concerned with the management. Each of us would therefore management unknowingly. It is preferable to manage, manage, knowing what we do.

  How to define the Management?

 Management is the set of techniques for organizing resources that are implemented for the administration of an organization, including the art of directing men to obtain satisfactory performance. These resources can be financial, human, material and other resources. Means a business organization, administration or even a combination.

  There are two horizons in the conduct of organizations: operational and strategic horizon horizon:

1. The strategic horizon is at the Department which sets broad guidelines for the organization's overall policy, conduct long-term, the choice of strategies, conducts studies and implements forecasts. 
2. The operational horizon refers to conduct day to day, current affairs and the implementation in detail, the policy dictated by management.

  In short, management is expected (goals and means), organize (the means and methods to achieve the objectives), order (make decisions and give directions), coordinate (the actions and functions) and control (actions and compare the results with objectives).

  What is the role of Manager?

  The manager's role has changed in recent years. There are only gives more orders his subordinates simply apply without any dispute. He must convince his colleagues of the merits of its decisions and rally them to his point of view.

  The manager ensures that there is an overall consistency in all actions he undertakes. It has a mission to accept all things necessary for the proper functioning of the service or the company as a whole (adaptability, flexibility, etc.).

That is why it must, above all, gain the confidence of his team in order to win the support of the majority. To establish its legitimacy, maturity, a serene and firm stance (not authoritarian) are necessary. But not only. Knowing his colleagues are on the ground to better understand their expectations and difficulties, spend time with them, make sure that everyone stays at its maximum capacity is very important. The manager is responsible for the work done and guarantor of cohesion in the group.

What are the different disciplines of Management?

 Management brings together all disciplines to optimize the use of resources of an organization, whatever it is, in order to achieve an objective.

  There are a multitude of management disciplines that make it a hub of knowledge. The most important are:

  - Finance: This discipline is the study of how individuals, businesses and organizations obtain monetary resources and invest. It differs from the accounting estimates its appearance in the sense that finance takes into account the risk. It therefore focuses on the actors and how they achieve their goals through the use of financial tools dedicated.

  - Accounting: This discipline can be defined as a process (ie a sequence of procedures, operations and tasks to achieve a final product) is to collect information on the economic facts and events entity, sort, store, process, evaluate and classify them according to standards (that is to say the rules). This work is done in order to produce useful information for the control and monitoring of the activities of the company and also to produce representations of useful synthesis making economic decisions of users.

  - Control and Audit: This is an independent and objective activity that gives the organization a degree of assurance on the control of its operations, provides his advice for improvement and helps to create added value.

  - Taxation: This discipline includes all laws, regulations and practices relating to tax.

  - Marketing: This is the set of studies, promotion, communication, distribution and sale of a product or service. Marketing seeks, in other words, to determine the best offers of goods or services based on consumer attitudes and promote their commercialization. It includes a set of methods and resources available to an organization to adapt to the audience she is interested, and to use or create conditions favorable to the pursuit of its own objectives behaviors.

  - Commercial: This discipline over trade, sale like to purchase. A trade is a person responsible for seeking new customers for a particular company, to develop and maintain relationships with them.

  - Communication and Advertising: Communication to fix the attention of an audience (Consumer, user, user, voter, etc.) to encourage them to adopt a desired behavior is to: purchase or consumption of a product, election of a politician, encouraging energy conservation,etc.

  - Human Resources: Set of management practices aimed manage, mobilize and develop human resources (employees of a company) for greater effectiveness and efficiency of the organization.

  - Strategy: The strategy is to determine the basic objectives and long-term goals of an organization and then choose the resource allocation modes of action that will achieve these goals and objectives. In other words, the strategy involves, first, determining the objectives of the company, which then decline, second, equity to meet these objectives actions. The strategic decision is based on two pillars: environmental analysis and knowledge of specific business capabilities.

  - Organization: This discipline is organized within a regulated structure, having a communication system for structuring and facilitating the flow of information within the company in order to meet needs and achieve specific objectives.

  - Quality Management: This is all the planning, management and control measures to establish or maintain the quality of the production of a good or service, taking into account expectations clients and their evolution.

  - Project Management: This discipline allows for directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project and, using modern management techniques to achieve predefined objectives of cost, time, quality and satisfaction of project participants.

  - Logistics: This discipline teaches us to manage flows (trade) at the best price, not only the flow of products, but also information associated with the physical flows from the original supplier to the end customer. Logistics allows a balance between demand and supply and a better return on investment.

  - Management information systems: The discipline of managing all the technological, organizational and human resources to acquire, process, store and communicate information within an organization or between different aims organizations. This ensures the evolution of management information system and management of the corresponding digital data.

  It should be noted that the management (or management) based on techniques and various models and the business world is characterized by complex situations. Management and covers several aspects and also frequently calls to other disciplines such as economics, sociology, psychology